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Asif Khan, Nadeem Javaid
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 7, Pages 812-826 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.004
Renewable energy sources (RESs) are considered to be reliable and green electric power generation sources. Photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbines (WTs) are used to provide electricity in remote areas. Optimal sizing of hybrid RESs is a vital challenge in a stand-alone environment. The meta-heuristic algorithms proposed in the past are dependent on algorithm-specific parameters for achieving an optimal solution. This paper proposes a hybrid algorithm of Jaya and a teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) named the JLBO algorithm for the optimal unit sizing of a PV–WT–battery hybrid system to satisfy the consumer's load at minimal total annual cost (TAC). The reliability of the system is considered by a maximum allowable loss of power supply probability (LPSPmax) concept. The results obtained from the JLBO algorithm are compared with the original Jaya, TLBO, and genetic algorithms. The JLBO results show superior performance in terms of TAC, and the PV–WT–battery hybrid system is found to be the most economical scenario. This system provides a cost-effective solution for all proposed LPSPmax values as compared with PV–battery and WT–battery systems.
Lu Zhongwu,Mao Jiansu
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 12, Pages 36-42
The curve of environmental impact in the process of economic growth in developed countries was likened to “environmental mountain”. For developing countries, particularly China, the right way of economic development is going through the “environmental mountain” on the halfway up the mountain - a new way for industrialization. The formulas of the relationship between environmental impact and GDP were derived, in which there are 2 key variables： g—growth rate of GDP; t—decreasing rate of environmental impact per unit GDP. Taking several countries and provinces in China as examples, the relationships between economic growth and energy consumption were studied. The environmental impacts of China in the years 2005, 2010 and 2020 were anticipated under different assumptions, and further discussion was given in terms of energy consumption.
Keywords： “environmental mountain” environmental impact growth rate of GDP environmental impact per unit GDP decreasing rate of environmental impact per unit GDP
Short-term Load Forecasting Using Neural Network
Luo Mei
Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages 77-80
Based on the load data of meritorious power of some area power system, three BP ANN models, namely SDBP, LMBP and BRBP Model, are established to carry out the short-term load forecasting work, and the results are compared. Since the traditional BP algorithm has some unavoidable disadvantages, such as the low training speed and the possibility of being plunged into minimums local minimizing the optimized function, an optimized L-M algorithm, which can accelerate the training of neural network and improve the stability of the convergence, should be applied to forecast to reduce the mean relative error. Bayesian regularization can overcome the over fitting and improve the generalization of ANN.
Keywords： short-term load forecasting(STLF) ANN Levenberg-Marquardt Bayesian regularization optimized algorithms
On Advanced Control Methods toward Power Capture and Load Mitigation in Wind Turbines
Yuan Yuan,Jiong Tang
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 494-503 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.023
This article provides a survey of recently emerged methods for wind turbine control. Multivariate control approaches to the optimization of power capture and the reduction of loads in components under time-varying turbulent wind fields have been under extensive investigation in recent years. We divide the related research activities into three categories: modeling and dynamics of wind turbines, active control of wind turbines, and passive control of wind turbines. Regarding turbine dynamics, we discuss the physical fundamentals and present the aeroelastic analysis tools. Regarding active control, we review pitch control, torque control, and yaw control strategies encompassing mathematical formulations as well as their applications toward different objectives. Our survey mostly focuses on blade pitch control, which is considered one of the key elements in facilitating load reduction while maintaining power capture performance. Regarding passive control, we review techniques such as tuned mass dampers, smart rotors, and microtabs. Possible future directions are suggested.
Keywords： Wind turbine Control approach Power optimization Load mitigation
Andrew Mears, James Martin
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 7, Pages 736-738 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.004
Mehdi AHMADI JIRDEHI,Reza HEMMATI,Vahid ABBASI,Hedayat SABOORI
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 11, Pages 1218-1227 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500301
Keywords： Dynamic state estimation Kalman filter Measurement errors Branch parameter errors Sudden load changes
Determination of the Apparent Gas Permeability in a Macrocracked Concrete Article
Pierre Rossi
Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 10, Pages 93-98 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.11.008
This paper reports on analysis of an experimental study that aimed to determine the apparent gas permeability in cracked concrete. There is a lack of research on this topic in the international literature, due to the difficulty of performing reliable experimental testing for gas permeability. The principal interest of this work is to present new and reliable experimental results. Analytical functions between the evolution of the apparent crack permeability and the apparent crack opening are also proposed. These functions appear to be relevant in consideration of Poiseuille theory.
Keywords： Concrete Macrocrack Gas transfer Permeability
An efficient prediction framework for multi-parametric yield analysis under parameter variations Article
Xin LI,Jin SUN,Fu XIAO
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 12, Pages 1344-1359 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601225
Keywords： Yield prediction Parameter variations Multi-parametric yield Performance modeling Sparse representation
Liu Wei,Tang Wencheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 6, Pages 41-43
The value of detained mass of material is important for researching the dead bed point of fluidized drying. In order to acquire the effect law of structure of opening hole in gas distributor on detained mass of material, the drying processes of detergent suspension liquor were investigated in the inert particle fluidized bed drier. The curves of detained mass of material for drier with vertical-hole distributor and tithed-hole distributor were measured and compared under the same experimental parameters, such as feed volume, diameter of inert particles, gas temperature of entrance, height of static bed, gas rate of entrance, and concentration of material. Based on the result, the relationship data of drier with tilted-hole distributor were determined between the production capacity and the hole ratio of distributor. The results show that the detained mass of material increase with adding the feed volume or concentration of material, and decrease with adding the diameter of inert particles, gas temperature of entrance, height of static bed, or gas rate of entrance. In addition, changing the hole shape of distributor from vertical-hole to tilted-hole and adding the hole ratio of distributor, can help drier reduce the detained mass of material and enhance the production capacity.
Keywords： inert particles fluidized drying gas distributor hole shape hole ratio detained mass of material
Demand Flexibility of Residential Buildings: Definitions, Flexible Loads, and Quantification Methods Review
Zhengyi Luo, Jinqing Peng, Jingyu Cao, Rongxin Yin, Bin Zou, Yutong Tan, Jinyue Yan
Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 9, Pages 123-140 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.01.010
This paper reviews recent research on the demand flexibility of residential buildings in regard to definitions, flexible loads, and quantification methods. A systematic distinction of the terminology is made, including the demand flexibility, operation flexibility, and energy flexibility of buildings. A comprehensive definition of building demand flexibility is proposed based on an analysis of the existing definitions. Moreover, the flexibility capabilities and operation characteristics of the main residential flexible loads are summarized and compared. Models and evaluation indicators to quantify the flexibility of these flexible loads are reviewed and summarized. Current research gaps and challenges are identified and analyzed as well. The results indicate that previous studies have focused on the flexibility of central air conditioning, electric water heaters, wet appliances, refrigerators, and lighting, where the proportion of studies focusing on each of these subjects is 36.7%, 25.7%, 14.7%, 9.2%, and 8.3%, respectively. These flexible loads are different in running modes, usage frequencies, seasons, and capabilities for shedding, shifting, and modulation, while their response characteristics are not yet clear. Furthermore, recommendations are given for the application of white-, black-, and grey-box models for modeling flexible loads in different situations. Numerous static flexibility evaluation indicators that are based on the aspects of power, temporality, energy, efficiency, economics, and the environment have been proposed in previous publications, but a consensus and standardized evaluation framework is lacking. This review can help readers better understand building demand flexibility and learn about the characteristics of different residential flexible loads, while also providing suggestions for future research on the modeling techniques and evaluation metrics of residential building demand flexibility.
Keywords： Residential building Demand flexibility Flexible loads Modeling techniques Quantification indicators
Strategy and Measurement for Prevention and Control of Hypertension in Canada
Sun Dianjun,Zhao Yashuang,Zhang Wei,Lv Yanjie,Tian Ye,Zhang Yong,Gao Yanhui,Li Xia,Fu Jinming and Yang Baofeng
Strategic Study of CAE 2017, Volume 19, Issue 2, Pages 117-121 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.020
Hypertension is a public health issue around the world. At present, Canada is one of the few countries that have achieved remarkable success in the prevention and control of hypertension. Canada has accumulated a considerable amount of advanced experience in the control of hypertension and in the implementation of effective measures against it. This article introduces the prevalence of hypertension in Canada and the development of control strategies and measures against hypertension in Canada, including the Canadian Hypertension Society, the Canadian Hypertensive Education Program, public policies, community interventions, and healthcare systems. We summarize these advanced experiences in order to provide a policy-making basis for the development of hypertension prevention and control in China.
Keywords： hypertension awareness rate control rate treatment rate
Wen-yan XIAO,Ming-wen WANG,Zhen WENG,Li-lin ZHANG,Jia-li ZUO
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 3, Pages 362-372 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601118
Keywords： Corpus Primary English Recognition rate Word frequency Coverage rate
Yang Jun,Yang Zhi,Zhang Guodong,Tang Yunwei and Chen Hongping
Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 73-78
Through the indoor free load swelling rate test，Yichang City，a section of a highway reconstruction project of expansive soil were studied. Key analysis free load swelling rate of a non-load time，the proportion of mixed sand，the relationship between the initial dry density， experimental studies have shown that：Free load swelling rate is mainly divided into rapid expansion，slow expansion and eventually stabilize in three stages；during the initial dry density is constant，weathered sand soil free load swelling rate will increase the proportion of sand mixed with the rapid decrease slowly after the first lower，weathered sand soil modified free load swelling rate is not sensitive to the amount of sand mixed；in the same mixed sand ratio， weathered sand soil free load swelling rate increases with increasing initial dry density increases rapidly between them have a good linear correlation，expansive soil subgrade construction in progress when control of the initial dry density，to help reduce its swelling deformation，ensuring the stability of embankment.
Keywords： expansive soils weathered sand initial dry density mixing sand ratio free load swelling rate
Waves of Probability and the Problems of Torsion for Quantum Effect
OuYang Shoucheng,Li Zhilan,Yuan Dongsheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 6, Pages 1-6
In this paper, the numerical experiment is conducted for Schrödinger's equivalent equation with third order derivative for nonlinear variable. The results show that the probability of probability waves is the quasi-regular flow under given condition, and it's a result of comprehensive interactions among intensity of potential field and particle density and torsion (spin) field with the quantum effect. The pure quantum effect is represented only by irregular flow.
Keywords： torsion (spin) probability quantum effect nonlinear instability curvature space
Display Engineers Pack the Pixels
Mitch Leslie
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 7, Pages 897-898 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.06.002
Title Author Date Type Operation
Jaya Learning-Based Optimization for Optimal Sizing of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic, Wind Turbine, and Battery Systems
Asif Khan, Nadeem Javaid
Journal Article
Crossing “Environmental Mountain”——On the Increase and Decrease of Environment Impact in the Process of Economic Growth
Lu Zhongwu,Mao Jiansu
Journal Article
On Advanced Control Methods toward Power Capture and Load Mitigation in Wind Turbines
Yuan Yuan,Jiong Tang
Journal Article
Fully Flexible Loads in Distributed Energy Management: PV, Batteries, Loads and Value Stacking in Virtual Power Plants
Andrew Mears, James Martin
Journal Article
A multi-functional dynamic state estimator for error validation: measurement and parameter errors and sudden load changes
Mehdi AHMADI JIRDEHI,Reza HEMMATI,Vahid ABBASI,Hedayat SABOORI
Journal Article
Determination of the Apparent Gas Permeability in a Macrocracked Concrete
Pierre Rossi
Journal Article
An efficient prediction framework for multi-parametric yield analysis under parameter variations
Xin LI,Jin SUN,Fu XIAO
Journal Article
Effects of Structure of Opening Hole in Gas Distributor on Detained Mass of Material for Fluidized Drying
Liu Wei,Tang Wencheng
Journal Article
Demand Flexibility of Residential Buildings: Definitions, Flexible Loads, and Quantification Methods
Zhengyi Luo, Jinqing Peng, Jingyu Cao, Rongxin Yin, Bin Zou, Yutong Tan, Jinyue Yan
Journal Article
Strategy and Measurement for Prevention and Control of Hypertension in Canada
Sun Dianjun,Zhao Yashuang,Zhang Wei,Lv Yanjie,Tian Ye,Zhang Yong,Gao Yanhui,Li Xia,Fu Jinming and Yang Baofeng
Journal Article
Corpus-based research on English word recognition rates in primary school and word selection strategy
Wen-yan XIAO,Ming-wen WANG,Zhen WENG,Li-lin ZHANG,Jia-li ZUO
Journal Article
Experimental research on the mixed sand ratio and initial dry density of weathered sand improved expansive soil free load swelling rate
Yang Jun,Yang Zhi,Zhang Guodong,Tang Yunwei and Chen Hongping
Journal Article
Waves of Probability and the Problems of Torsion for Quantum Effect
OuYang Shoucheng,Li Zhilan,Yuan Dongsheng
Journal Article
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